On 31 Jan 2022, the Cabinet Office published a document entitled
The Benefits of Brexit: How the UK is taking advantage of leaving the EU. It consists of 105 pages including the front cover and back page. There is a "
Foreword by the Prime Minister", an "
Introduction", sections headed "
Our Achievements so far", "
The Best Regulated Economy in the World" and "
A World of Future Opportunities", and a "
Conclusion."
When governments enter a treaty each of them accepts restrictions. When the treaty comes to an end so do the restrictions. Whether or not a release from restrictions confers a benefit will depend on how it is to be used. Even if it does confer a benefit it will come at a cost because the benefits that had been conferred by the treaty will also be lost. The ending of the treaty will be a net benefit only if the benefits resulting from the release outweighs those costs.
Anyone expecting the above document to quantify the benefits of leaving the EU and weighing them against the costs will be disappointed because it is a polemic and not an analysis. Its authors are not identified but the "Introduction" states that "many of the benefits" and future work set out in that document build on the work and
ideas of
Sir Iain Duncan Smith MP,
Theresa Villiers MP and
George Freeman MP and
their
Taskforce on Innovation, Growth and Regulatory Reform. It adds that there have been contributions from numerous business groups and representative organisations who have met the Prime
Minister and other Ministers.
This section headed "Our Achievements So Far" consists of 14 pages divided into the following subsections:
- Taking Back Control (page 5 to 7);
- Our Money and Levelling Up (pages 8 and 9);
- Backing our Business (page 10 to 12);
- Support for People and Families (pages 13 and 14);
- Protecting our Environment (page 15);
- Enhancing Animal Welfare Standards (page 16); and
- Global Britain (page 17 to 19).
The alleged achievements of "Taking Back Control" include "ending free movement", "making it tougher for EU criminals to enter the UK", reintroducing blue passports and "reviewing the EU ban on imperial markings and sales". The authors explain that that is because "imperial units like pounds and ounces are widely valued in the UK and are a core
part of many people’s British identity." "Our Money and Levelling Up" includes stopping contributions to the EU, spending more money on the NHS, subsidizing British businesses, changing the rules on public procurement to make it easier for British businesses to win public sector contracts and setting up free ports. "Support for People and Families" includes raising the limit for contactless payments to £100, removing the requirement for vehicle owners to insure against accidents on private land, replacing the Erasmus scheme with the Turing scheme and relaxing the rules on cannabis for medical use. The rest of the section is in a similar vein.
"The Best Regulated Economy in the World" section is 13 pages long divided as follows:
- "Our regulatory system is recognised globally. We want to raise the bar even higher
as we embrace our new found freedoms outside of the EU and position ourselves as
a global hub for innovation and a science and technology superpower" (page 20);
- Making the most of our regulatory freedoms (page 21);
- Our principles for regulation (pages 22 and 23);
- A sovereign approach (pages 24 and 25);
- Leading from the front (page 26);
- Proportionality (page 27);
- Recognizing what works (page 28);
- Setting high standards at home and globally (page 29);
- Retained EU law (page 30);
- Accelerating and prioritizing refim (page 31); and
- Amending retained EU law (pages 32 and 33),
Except for the passages on repealing or amending retained EU law for which it appears that primary legislation will be required there is very little detail on how UK regulation will improve on or even diverge from the EU's.
The most sunstantial section is headed "A World of Opportunities". That runs from page 34 to 100 and cosnsists of the following subsections:
- A world of opportunities (pages 34 and 35);
- Science Data & Technology (pages 36 and 37);
- Quantum Technologies (pages 38 and 39);
- Digital Economy (pages 40 and 41);
- Digital Technology in Trade (pages 42 and 43);
- Online Safety (page 44);
- Cyner Security & Product Safety (page 45);
- Life Sciences (pages 46 and 47);
- Business & Industry (pages 48 and 49);
- Professional Business Services (pages 50 and 51);
- Legal Services (pages 52 and 53);
- Automotive (pages 54 and 55);
- Aerospece (pages 56 and 57);
- Retail and Consumer Goods (pages 58 and 59);
- Hospitality (pages 60 and 61);
- Food & Drink (pages 62 and 63);
- Culture (page 64);
- Infrastructure & Levelling Up (pages 65 and 66);
- Aviation (pages 67 and 68);
- Space (pages 60 and 70);
- Rail (pages 71 and 72);
- Roads (pages 73 and 74);
- Maritime (page 75);
- Nuclear (pages 76 and 77);
- Housing & Construction (page 78);
- Local Government (page 79);
- Education (pages 80 and 81);
- Health (pages 82 and 83);
- Climate, the Environment & Agriculture (pages 84 and 85);
- The Environment (pages 86 and 87);
- Farming (pages 88 and 89);
- Fisheries & Marine Management (pages 90 and 91);
- Animal Welfare (pages 92 and 93);
- Glonal Britain (pages 94 and 95);
- Migration (pages 96 and 97);
- International Trade (page 98); and
- International Relations and Diplomacy (pages 99 and 100).
Part of this programme would not have been possible without brexit. Changes to data protection law that may not be compatible with the General Data Protection Regulation. Subsidies and investments in various sectors of the economy might have been prohibited as state aid. Member states would not have been able to negotiate free trade agreements with third countries. There is not much else that would have been incompatible with EU membership. Where there are changes such as the exclusion of English and Welsh lawyers from the Court of Justice, General Court and the Unified Patent Courts and the withdrawal of the UK from the Brussels and Lugano Conventions are hard to spin as benefits. Possible accession to the Singapore Convention on Mediation and the recognition of English legal qualifications in Australia and New Zealand will not begin to make up for the loss of the right to practise in the EU.
The "Conclusion" is made up exclusively of platitudes. Anyone wishing to discuss this article or the issues arising in it may call me on 020 7404 5252 during office hours or send me a message through my
contact form.
